π₀.₅ (Pi05) (LeRobot)

π₀.₅ is a Vision-Language-Action (VLA) model with open-world generalization from Physical Intelligence, co-trained on robot demonstrations and large-scale multimodal data to execute long-horizon tasks in unseen real-world environments.

Note: This model currently supports only the flow-matching action head for π₀.₅ training and inference. Other components from the original work (e.g., subtask prediction, action tokenization, or RL) were not released upstream and are not included here, though the LeRobot team is actively working to support them.

Original paper: π0.5: A Vision-Language-Action Model with Open-World Generalization
Reference implementation: https://github.com/Physical-Intelligence/openpi
LeRobot implementation: Follows the original reference code for compatibility.

Model description

Inputs: images (multi-view), proprio/state, optional language instruction
Outputs: continuous actions
Training objective: flow matching
Action representation: continuous
Intended use: Base model to fine tune on your specific use case

Quick start (inference on a real batch)

Installation

pip install "lerobot[pi]@git+https://github.com/huggingface/lerobot.git"

For full installation details (including optional video dependencies such as ffmpeg for torchcodec), see the official documentation: https://huggingface.co/docs/lerobot/installation

Load model + dataset, run `select_action`

import torch
from lerobot.datasets.lerobot_dataset import LeRobotDataset
from lerobot.policies.factory import make_pre_post_processors

# Swap this import per-policy
from lerobot.policies.pi05 import PI05Policy

# load a policy
model_id = "lerobot/pi05_base"  # <- swap checkpoint
device = torch.device("cuda" if torch.cuda.is_available() else "cpu")

policy = PI05Policy.from_pretrained(model_id).to(device).eval()

preprocess, postprocess = make_pre_post_processors(
    policy.config,
    model_id,
    preprocessor_overrides={"device_processor": {"device": str(device)}},
)
# load a lerobotdataset (we will replace with a simpler dataset)
dataset = LeRobotDataset("lerobot/libero")

# pick an episode
episode_index = 0

# each episode corresponds to a contiguous range of frame indices
from_idx = dataset.meta.episodes["dataset_from_index"][episode_index]
to_idx   = dataset.meta.episodes["dataset_to_index"][episode_index]

# get a single frame from that episode (e.g. the first frame)
frame_index = from_idx
frame = dict(dataset[frame_index])

batch = preprocess(frame)
with torch.inference_mode():
    pred_action = policy.select_action(batch)
    # use your policy postprocess, this post process the action
    # for instance unnormalize the actions, detokenize it etc..
    pred_action = postprocess(pred_action)

Training step (loss + backward)

If you’re training / fine-tuning, you typically call forward(...) to get a loss and then:

policy.train()
batch = dict(dataset[0])
batch = preprocess(batch)

loss, outputs = policy.forward(batch)
loss.backward()

Notes:

Some policies expose policy(**batch) or return a dict; keep this snippet aligned with the policy API.

Use your trainer script (lerobot-train) for full training loops.

How to train / fine-tune

lerobot-train \
  --dataset.repo_id=${HF_USER}/<dataset> \
  --output_dir=./outputs/[RUN_NAME] \
  --job_name=[RUN_NAME] \
  --policy.repo_id=${HF_USER}/<desired_policy_repo_id> \
  --policy.path=lerobot/[BASE_CHECKPOINT] \
  --policy.dtype=bfloat16 \
  --policy.device=cuda \
  --steps=100000 \
  --batch_size=4

Add policy-specific flags below:

-policy.chunk_size=...
-policy.n_action_steps=...
-policy.max_action_tokens=...
-policy.gradient_checkpointing=true

Real-World Inference & Evaluation

You can use the record script from lerobot-record with a policy checkpoint as input, to run inference and evaluate your policy.

For instance, run this command or API example to run inference and record 10 evaluation episodes:

lerobot-record  \
  --robot.type=so100_follower \
  --robot.port=/dev/ttyACM1 \
  --robot.cameras="{ up: {type: opencv, index_or_path: /dev/video10, width: 640, height: 480, fps: 30}, side: {type: intelrealsense, serial_number_or_name: 233522074606, width: 640, height: 480, fps: 30}}" \
  --robot.id=my_awesome_follower_arm \
  --display_data=false \
  --dataset.repo_id=${HF_USER}/eval_so100 \
  --dataset.single_task="Put lego brick into the transparent box" \
  # <- Teleop optional if you want to teleoperate in between episodes \
  # --teleop.type=so100_leader \
  # --teleop.port=/dev/ttyACM0 \
  # --teleop.id=my_awesome_leader_arm \
  --policy.path=${HF_USER}/my_policy