Introduction

We are excited to release the XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-2504 version, our latest SQL generation model. This version continues to optimize upon the previous version, delivering enhanced performance.

Our model incorporates important explorations combining fine-tuning and GRPO training, leveraging the post-training strategies of GRPO without a thinking process, achieving both efficiency and accuracy in SQL generation.
It demonstrates impressive performance and supports multiple dialects, ready to use out of the box.
Improved generalization capabilities, excelling on different dialects and out-of-domain datasets.

In this evaluation, we have also added a real-world SQL benchmark (the DW test set), which serves as an important internal evaluation baseline. This test set includes thousands of complex queries from real scenarios in both PostgreSQL and MySQL dialects, effectively reflecting the model's performance across multiple dialects and out-of-domain data.

Model Downloads

Model	Download Latest
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-3B	🤗HuggingFace 🤖Modelscope
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-7B	🤗HuggingFace 🤖Modelscope
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-14B	🤗HuggingFace 🤖Modelscope
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-32B	🤗HuggingFace 🤖Modelscope

Performance

The XiYanSQL-QwenCoder models, as multi-dialect SQL base models, demonstrating robust SQL generation capabilities. The following presents the evaluation results at the time of release. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the model's performance under two schema formats, M-Schema, and original DDL, using the BIRD and Spider as SQLite benchmarks in the Text-to-SQL domain, as well as DW benchmarks for PostgreSQL and MySQL dialects.

Model name	Size	BIRD Dev@M-Schema	BIRD Dev@DDL	Spider Test@M-Schema	Spider Test@DDL	DW PostgreSQL@M-Schema	DW MySQL@M-Schema
GPT-4o-0806	UNK	58.47%	54.82%	82.89%	78.45%	46.79%	57.77%
GPT-4.1-0414	UNK	59.39%	54.11%	84.45%	79.86%	54.29%	63.18%
Claude3.5-sonnet-1022	UNK	53.32%	50.46%	76.27%	73.04%	55.22%	52.84%
Claude3.7-sonnet	UNK	54.82%	49.22%	78.04%	74.66%	53.23%	54.61%
Gemini-1.5-Pro	UNK	61.34%	57.89%	85.11%	84.00%	52.78%	62.78%
DeepSeek-V2.5-1210	236B	55.74%	55.61%	82.08%	80.57%	45.74%	52.18%
DeepSeek-V3	685B	59.58%	56.71%	81.52%	79.91%	52.56%	55.95%
DeepSeek-R1	685B	58.15%	55.61%	80.72%	78.85%	60.56%	62.00%
DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32B	32B	50.65%	48.31%	78.65%	77.33%	37.22%	44.72%
Deepseek-Coder-33B-Instruct	33B	47.52%	44.72%	72.39%	62.0%	31.48%	36.17%
OmniSQL-32B	32B	60.37%	55.87%	85.16%	83.19%	38.19%	42.34%
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-3B-2502	3B	53.52%	52.54%	83.34%	79.10%	34.75%	35.62%
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-3B-2504	3B	55.08%	52.09%	84.10%	80.57%	36.65%	37.63%
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-7B-2502	7B	59.65%	56.32%	84.15%	80.01%	39.38%	42.10%
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-7B-2504	7B	62.13%	57.43%	85.97%	82.48%	42.08%	44.67%
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-14B-2502	14B	63.23%	60.10%	85.31%	82.84%	38.51%	41.62%
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-14B-2504	14B	65.32%	60.17%	86.82%	83.75%	40.52%	44.60%
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-32B-2412	32B	67.07%	63.04%	88.39%	85.46%	45.07%	52.84%
XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-32B-2504	32B	67.14%	62.26%	89.20%	86.17%	53.52%	57.74%

Quickstart with Transformers and vLLM

Here is a simple code snippet for quickly using XiYanSQL-QwenCoder model. We provide a Chinese version of the prompt, and you just need to replace the placeholders for "question," "db_schema," and "evidence" to get started. We recommend using our M-Schema format for the schema; other formats such as DDL are also acceptable, but they may affect performance. Currently, we mainly support mainstream dialects like SQLite, PostgreSQL, and MySQL.

Requirements

transformers >= 4.37.0
vllm >= 0.7.2

Prompt Template

nl2sqlite_template_cn = """你是一名{dialect}专家，现在需要阅读并理解下面的【数据库schema】描述，以及可能用到的【参考信息】，并运用{dialect}知识生成sql语句回答【用户问题】。
【用户问题】
{question}

【数据库schema】
{db_schema}

【参考信息】
{evidence}

【用户问题】
{question}

```sql"""

Inference with Transformers

import torch
from transformers import AutoModelForCausalLM, AutoTokenizer

model_name = "XGenerationLab/XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-7B-2504"
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
    model_name,
    torch_dtype=torch.bfloat16,
    device_map="auto"
)

tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_name)

## dialects -> ['SQLite', 'PostgreSQL', 'MySQL']
prompt = nl2sqlite_template_cn.format(dialect="", db_schema="", question="", evidence="")
message = [{'role': 'user', 'content': prompt}]

text = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    message,
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True
)
model_inputs = tokenizer([text], return_tensors="pt").to(model.device)

generated_ids = model.generate(
    **model_inputs,
    pad_token_id=tokenizer.pad_token_id,
    eos_token_id=tokenizer.eos_token_id,
    max_new_tokens=1024,
    temperature=0.1,
    top_p=0.8,
    do_sample=True,
)
generated_ids = [
    output_ids[len(input_ids):] for input_ids, output_ids in zip(model_inputs.input_ids, generated_ids)
]
response = tokenizer.batch_decode(generated_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)[0]

Inference with vLLM

from vllm import LLM, SamplingParams
from transformers import AutoTokenizer
model_path = "XGenerationLab/XiYanSQL-QwenCoder-7B-2504"
llm = LLM(model=model_path, tensor_parallel_size=8)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_path)
sampling_params = SamplingParams(
    n=1,
    temperature=0.1,
    max_tokens=1024
)

## dialects -> ['SQLite', 'PostgreSQL', 'MySQL']
prompt = nl2sqlite_template_cn.format(dialect="", db_schema="", question="", evidence="")
message = [{'role': 'user', 'content': prompt}]
text = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(
    message,
    tokenize=False,
    add_generation_prompt=True
)
outputs = llm.generate([text], sampling_params=sampling_params)
response = outputs[0].outputs[0].text

Acknowledgments

If you find our work useful, please give us a citation or a like, so we can make a greater contribution to the open-source community!

@article{XiYanSQL,
      title={XiYan-SQL: A Novel Multi-Generator Framework For Text-to-SQL}, 
      author={Yifu Liu and Yin Zhu and Yingqi Gao and Zhiling Luo and Xiaoxia Li and Xiaorong Shi and Yuntao Hong and Jinyang Gao and Yu Li and Bolin Ding and Jingren Zhou},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2507.04701},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.04701}, 
}